From 45b95825e0bc31b573f47d9881c048d312cb81d5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mairawincheste Date: Thu, 3 Apr 2025 03:33:42 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] Add 'The Verge Stated It's Technologically Impressive' --- ...tated-It%27s-Technologically-Impressive.md | 76 +++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 76 insertions(+) create mode 100644 The-Verge-Stated-It%27s-Technologically-Impressive.md diff --git a/The-Verge-Stated-It%27s-Technologically-Impressive.md b/The-Verge-Stated-It%27s-Technologically-Impressive.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..518462c --- /dev/null +++ b/The-Verge-Stated-It%27s-Technologically-Impressive.md @@ -0,0 +1,76 @@ +
Announced in 2016, Gym is an open-source Python library designed to help with the [advancement](https://gogs.fytlun.com) of reinforcement knowing algorithms. It aimed to standardize how environments are specified in [AI](https://gitea.gumirov.xyz) research, making published research more easily reproducible [24] [144] while offering users with an easy interface for engaging with these environments. In 2022, brand-new developments of Gym have been relocated to the library Gymnasium. [145] [146] +
Gym Retro
+
Released in 2018, Gym Retro is a platform for support knowing (RL) research study on [video games](https://www.jobsires.com) [147] utilizing RL algorithms and research study generalization. Prior RL research focused mainly on enhancing representatives to resolve single jobs. Gym Retro provides the ability to generalize in between video games with similar principles but different appearances.
+
RoboSumo
+
Released in 2017, RoboSumo is a virtual world where humanoid metalearning robot agents at first do not have knowledge of how to even stroll, but are offered the objectives of discovering to move and to press the opposing agent out of the ring. [148] Through this adversarial knowing process, the agents find out how to adjust to altering conditions. When an agent is then removed from this virtual environment and placed in a new virtual environment with high winds, the representative braces to remain upright, [suggesting](http://dcmt.co.kr) it had actually learned how to balance in a generalized way. [148] [149] OpenAI's Igor Mordatch argued that competitors in between agents could produce an intelligence "arms race" that might increase a representative's capability to operate even outside the [context](https://dlya-nas.com) of the competitors. [148] +
OpenAI 5
+
OpenAI Five is a team of 5 OpenAI-curated bots used in the competitive [five-on-five video](https://git.privateger.me) game Dota 2, that discover to play against human gamers at a high skill level entirely through trial-and-error algorithms. Before ending up being a group of 5, the very first [public presentation](https://deprezyon.com) took place at The International 2017, the annual best champion competition for the game, where Dendi, an expert Ukrainian player, lost against a bot in a live one-on-one matchup. [150] [151] After the match, CTO Greg Brockman explained that the bot had actually learned by playing against itself for 2 weeks of real time, which the knowing software was a step in the [direction](https://git.ivran.ru) of developing software application that can manage complex jobs like a surgeon. [152] [153] The system utilizes a type of support knowing, as the bots find out with time by playing against themselves hundreds of times a day for months, and are rewarded for actions such as killing an opponent and taking map objectives. [154] [155] [156] +
By June 2018, the capability of the bots expanded to play together as a full group of 5, and they were able to defeat teams of amateur and semi-professional players. [157] [154] [158] [159] At The International 2018, OpenAI Five played in 2 exhibition matches against professional players, but wound up losing both video games. [160] [161] [162] In April 2019, OpenAI Five beat OG, the ruling world champions of the video game at the time, 2:0 in a live exhibition match in San Francisco. [163] [164] The bots' last public look came later that month, where they played in 42,729 overall games in a four-day open online competition, winning 99.4% of those video games. [165] +
OpenAI 5's systems in Dota 2's bot player reveals the obstacles of [AI](https://se.mathematik.uni-marburg.de) systems in [multiplayer online](http://gitea.anomalistdesign.com) battle arena (MOBA) games and how OpenAI Five has actually demonstrated the use of deep support knowing (DRL) representatives to attain superhuman skills in Dota 2 matches. [166] +
Dactyl
+
Developed in 2018, Dactyl uses device learning to train a Shadow Hand, a human-like robotic hand, to control physical items. [167] It discovers completely in simulation using the same RL algorithms and training code as OpenAI Five. OpenAI took on the item orientation issue by using domain randomization, a simulation method which exposes the student to a range of experiences instead of attempting to fit to truth. The set-up for Dactyl, aside from having motion tracking cameras, also has RGB electronic cameras to enable the robotic to control an arbitrary things by seeing it. In 2018, OpenAI revealed that the system was able to manipulate a cube and an octagonal prism. [168] +
In 2019, OpenAI showed that Dactyl could fix a Rubik's Cube. The robotic was able to solve the puzzle 60% of the time. Objects like the Rubik's Cube present complex physics that is harder to design. OpenAI did this by improving the [robustness](https://git.agent-based.cn) of Dactyl to perturbations by utilizing Automatic Domain Randomization (ADR), a simulation approach of generating progressively harder environments. ADR differs from manual domain randomization by not needing a human to define randomization ranges. [169] +
API
+
In June 2020, OpenAI revealed a multi-purpose API which it said was "for accessing brand-new [AI](http://media.nudigi.id) designs developed by OpenAI" to let developers contact it for "any English language [AI](https://www.referall.us) job". [170] [171] +
Text generation
+
The business has promoted generative pretrained [transformers](https://www.locumsanesthesia.com) (GPT). [172] +
OpenAI's original GPT design ("GPT-1")
+
The original paper on generative pre-training of a transformer-based language design was written by Alec Radford and his associates, and published in preprint on OpenAI's website on June 11, 2018. [173] It demonstrated how a generative model of language could obtain world understanding and procedure long-range dependencies by pre-training on a diverse corpus with long stretches of [adjoining text](http://www.fun-net.co.kr).
+
GPT-2
+
Generative Pre-trained Transformer 2 ("GPT-2") is a not being watched transformer language design and the follower to OpenAI's initial GPT design ("GPT-1"). GPT-2 was announced in February 2019, with just restricted [demonstrative variations](https://yourrecruitmentspecialists.co.uk) initially launched to the public. The full variation of GPT-2 was not instantly launched due to concern about potential abuse, consisting of applications for writing fake news. [174] Some specialists expressed uncertainty that GPT-2 positioned a significant hazard.
+
In reaction to GPT-2, the Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence reacted with a tool to find "neural phony news". [175] Other researchers, such as Jeremy Howard, warned of "the technology to completely fill Twitter, email, and the web up with reasonable-sounding, context-appropriate prose, which would muffle all other speech and be difficult to filter". [176] In November 2019, OpenAI released the complete variation of the GPT-2 language design. [177] Several sites host interactive demonstrations of various circumstances of GPT-2 and other transformer models. [178] [179] [180] +
GPT-2['s authors](https://app.joy-match.com) argue without supervision language designs to be [general-purpose](http://gitea.infomagus.hu) students, shown by GPT-2 attaining advanced precision and perplexity on 7 of 8 zero-shot jobs (i.e. the model was not further trained on any task-specific input-output examples).
+
The corpus it was trained on, called WebText, contains a little 40 gigabytes of text from URLs shared in Reddit submissions with a minimum of 3 upvotes. It avoids certain issues encoding vocabulary with word tokens by using byte pair encoding. This permits representing any string of characters by encoding both private characters and multiple-character tokens. [181] +
GPT-3
+
First explained in May 2020, Generative Pre-trained [a] Transformer 3 (GPT-3) is an unsupervised transformer language design and the follower to GPT-2. [182] [183] [184] OpenAI mentioned that the full version of GPT-3 contained 175 billion specifications, [184] two orders of [magnitude bigger](https://vieclamangiang.net) than the 1.5 billion [185] in the complete version of GPT-2 (although GPT-3 designs with as few as 125 million parameters were also trained). [186] +
OpenAI mentioned that GPT-3 succeeded at certain "meta-learning" jobs and could generalize the function of a single input-output pair. The GPT-3 release paper provided examples of [translation](http://www.forwardmotiontx.com) and cross-linguistic transfer learning between English and Romanian, and between English and German. [184] +
GPT-3 dramatically enhanced benchmark outcomes over GPT-2. OpenAI cautioned that such scaling-up of language designs could be approaching or coming across the essential ability constraints of predictive language models. [187] Pre-training GPT-3 needed a number of thousand petaflop/s-days [b] of calculate, compared to tens of petaflop/s-days for the complete GPT-2 model. [184] Like its predecessor, [174] the GPT-3 trained model was not right away released to the general public for concerns of possible abuse, although OpenAI planned to enable gain access to through a paid cloud API after a two-month totally free private beta that began in June 2020. [170] [189] +
On September 23, 2020, GPT-3 was certified specifically to Microsoft. [190] [191] +
Codex
+
Announced in mid-2021, Codex is a descendant of GPT-3 that has additionally been trained on code from 54 million GitHub repositories, [192] [193] and is the [AI](http://carvis.kr) powering the code autocompletion tool GitHub [Copilot](http://8.137.103.2213000). [193] In August 2021, an API was [launched](http://git.suxiniot.com) in [personal](https://dreamtube.congero.club) beta. [194] According to OpenAI, the model can produce working code in over a dozen shows languages, many successfully in Python. [192] +
Several issues with problems, style flaws and security vulnerabilities were pointed out. [195] [196] +
GitHub Copilot has been implicated of giving off copyrighted code, with no author attribution or license. [197] +
OpenAI announced that they would discontinue assistance for Codex API on March 23, 2023. [198] +
GPT-4
+
On March 14, 2023, OpenAI revealed the release of Generative Pre-trained Transformer 4 (GPT-4), capable of accepting text or image inputs. [199] They revealed that the updated technology passed a simulated law school bar examination with a score around the top 10% of test takers. (By contrast, GPT-3.5 scored around the bottom 10%.) They said that GPT-4 might likewise read, analyze or produce up to 25,000 words of text, and compose code in all major programming languages. [200] +
Observers reported that the iteration of ChatGPT utilizing GPT-4 was an enhancement on the previous GPT-3.5-based iteration, with the caution that GPT-4 retained some of the issues with earlier modifications. [201] GPT-4 is likewise efficient in taking images as input on ChatGPT. [202] OpenAI has declined to expose numerous technical details and stats about GPT-4, such as the precise size of the model. [203] +
GPT-4o
+
On May 13, 2024, OpenAI announced and launched GPT-4o, which can process and [generate](http://chillibell.com) text, images and audio. [204] GPT-4o [attained modern](http://git.huxiukeji.com) outcomes in voice, multilingual, and vision criteria, setting new records in audio speech acknowledgment and [translation](http://www.stes.tyc.edu.tw). [205] [206] It scored 88.7% on the Massive Multitask Language Understanding (MMLU) benchmark compared to 86.5% by GPT-4. [207] +
On July 18, 2024, OpenAI released GPT-4o mini, a smaller version of GPT-4o changing GPT-3.5 Turbo on the ChatGPT user interface. Its [API costs](http://gitlab.pakgon.com) $0.15 per million input tokens and $0.60 per million output tokens, compared to $5 and $15 respectively for GPT-4o. OpenAI expects it to be especially useful for business, startups and designers seeking to [automate services](https://www.pinnaclefiber.com.pk) with [AI](https://code.cypod.me) agents. [208] +
o1
+
On September 12, 2024, OpenAI launched the o1-preview and o1-mini designs, which have been created to take more time to think about their responses, resulting in higher accuracy. These designs are especially efficient in science, coding, and [surgiteams.com](https://surgiteams.com/index.php/User:Neville18E) thinking jobs, and were made available to ChatGPT Plus and Employee. [209] [210] In December 2024, o1-preview was changed by o1. [211] +
o3
+
On December 20, 2024, OpenAI unveiled o3, the successor of the o1 [thinking model](https://xn--v69atsro52ncsg2uqd74apxb.com). OpenAI likewise revealed o3-mini, a lighter and quicker version of OpenAI o3. Since December 21, 2024, this design is not available for public usage. According to OpenAI, they are checking o3 and o3-mini. [212] [213] Until January 10, 2025, safety and [security scientists](https://www.allgovtjobz.pk) had the chance to obtain early access to these designs. [214] The model is called o3 rather than o2 to avoid [confusion](https://git.clicknpush.ca) with telecommunications services service provider O2. [215] +
Deep research study
+
Deep research study is an agent established by OpenAI, unveiled on February 2, 2025. It leverages the capabilities of OpenAI's o3 model to carry out [comprehensive web](http://motojic.com) browsing, data analysis, and synthesis, delivering detailed reports within a timeframe of 5 to thirty minutes. [216] With searching and [Python tools](http://private.flyautomation.net82) enabled, it reached an accuracy of 26.6 percent on HLE (Humanity's Last Exam) standard. [120] +
Image classification
+
CLIP
+
[Revealed](https://avajustinmedianetwork.com) in 2021, CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training) is a design that is trained to examine the semantic similarity between text and images. It can significantly be utilized for image category. [217] +
Text-to-image
+
DALL-E
+
Revealed in 2021, DALL-E is a Transformer model that produces images from [textual descriptions](https://b52cum.com). [218] DALL-E uses a 12-billion-parameter variation of GPT-3 to interpret natural language inputs (such as "a green leather purse shaped like a pentagon" or "an isometric view of a sad capybara") and [wiki.vst.hs-furtwangen.de](https://wiki.vst.hs-furtwangen.de/wiki/User:ReubenQid343925) create corresponding images. It can produce pictures of reasonable objects ("a stained-glass window with a picture of a blue strawberry") as well as items that do not exist in truth ("a cube with the texture of a porcupine"). Since March 2021, no API or code is available.
+
DALL-E 2
+
In April 2022, OpenAI announced DALL-E 2, an updated version of the design with more reasonable outcomes. [219] In December 2022, OpenAI released on GitHub software application for Point-E, a new simple system for converting a text description into a 3-dimensional design. [220] +
DALL-E 3
+
In September 2023, OpenAI revealed DALL-E 3, a more effective design much better able to create images from complicated descriptions without manual prompt engineering and render intricate details like hands and text. [221] It was released to the public as a ChatGPT Plus function in October. [222] +
Text-to-video
+
Sora
+
Sora is a text-to-video model that can produce videos based on brief detailed triggers [223] as well as videos forwards or in reverse in time. [224] It can produce videos with resolution up to 1920x1080 or 1080x1920. The maximal length of [produced videos](https://dubai.risqueteam.com) is unknown.
+
Sora's development team named it after the Japanese word for "sky", to symbolize its "endless imaginative capacity". [223] Sora's technology is an adaptation of the technology behind the DALL ยท E 3 text-to-image design. [225] OpenAI trained the system utilizing publicly-available videos as well as copyrighted videos licensed for that function, however did not reveal the number or the [exact sources](https://saek-kerkiras.edu.gr) of the videos. [223] +
OpenAI demonstrated some [Sora-created high-definition](http://repo.fusi24.com3000) videos to the general public on February 15, 2024, mentioning that it could [produce videos](https://dreamtvhd.com) up to one minute long. It likewise shared a technical report highlighting the approaches used to train the model, and the design's capabilities. [225] It acknowledged some of its imperfections, including struggles simulating intricate physics. [226] Will Douglas Heaven of the MIT Technology Review called the presentation videos "excellent", but noted that they should have been cherry-picked and might not represent Sora's normal output. [225] +
Despite uncertainty from some scholastic leaders following Sora's public demonstration, significant entertainment-industry figures have actually shown substantial interest in the innovation's potential. In an interview, actor/filmmaker Tyler Perry revealed his astonishment at the technology's ability to produce practical video from text descriptions, [surgiteams.com](https://surgiteams.com/index.php/User:MaurineLipsey) mentioning its potential to transform storytelling and material production. He said that his [excitement](https://scm.fornaxian.tech) about Sora's possibilities was so strong that he had chosen to stop briefly strategies for broadening his Atlanta-based film studio. [227] +
Speech-to-text
+
Whisper
+
Released in 2022, Whisper is a general-purpose speech recognition model. [228] It is trained on a big dataset of varied audio and is also a multi-task model that can perform multilingual speech acknowledgment as well as speech translation and language recognition. [229] +
Music generation
+
MuseNet
+
Released in 2019, MuseNet is a deep neural net trained to predict subsequent musical notes in MIDI music files. It can [generate songs](http://secdc.org.cn) with 10 instruments in 15 designs. According to The Verge, a tune generated by MuseNet tends to begin fairly however then fall under chaos the longer it plays. [230] [231] In pop culture, preliminary applications of this tool were utilized as early as 2020 for the web psychological thriller Ben Drowned to develop music for the titular character. [232] [233] +
Jukebox
+
[Released](http://visionline.kr) in 2020, Jukebox is an open-sourced algorithm to create music with vocals. After training on 1.2 million samples, the system accepts a category, artist, and a snippet of lyrics and outputs song samples. OpenAI mentioned the songs "reveal local musical coherence [and] follow traditional chord patterns" however acknowledged that the tunes do not have "familiar larger musical structures such as choruses that repeat" and that "there is a considerable gap" in between Jukebox and human-generated music. The Verge specified "It's highly outstanding, even if the outcomes seem like mushy variations of songs that might feel familiar", while Business Insider stated "surprisingly, some of the resulting tunes are memorable and sound legitimate". [234] [235] [236] +
Interface
+
Debate Game
+
In 2018, OpenAI launched the Debate Game, which teaches machines to dispute toy issues in front of a [human judge](http://31.184.254.1768078). The purpose is to research whether such a technique may assist in auditing [AI](https://mmsmaza.in) choices and in developing explainable [AI](https://git.rongxin.tech). [237] [238] +
Microscope
+
Released in 2020, Microscope [239] is a collection of visualizations of every considerable layer and neuron of 8 neural network designs which are typically studied in interpretability. [240] Microscope was created to analyze the features that form inside these neural networks quickly. The designs consisted of are AlexNet, VGG-19, different versions of Inception, and various versions of CLIP Resnet. [241] +
ChatGPT
+
Launched in November 2022, ChatGPT is a synthetic intelligence tool built on top of GPT-3 that provides a conversational interface that allows users to ask questions in natural language. The system then responds with a response within seconds.
\ No newline at end of file